Popular Posts

Tuesday, 18 December 2018

IJUE U.T.I NA MATIBABU YAKE


MAAMBUKIZI kwenye njia ya mkojo ( Urinary Tract Infection kifupi U.T.I) ni maambukizi yanayoshika nafasi ya pili kuupata mwili mara nyingi zaidi.

Maambukizi haya hufanya mtu kukosa raha na kwa baadhi ya watu hasa wanawake ni tatizo la kiafya linalojirudiarudia mara nyingi.

Kwa bahati mbaya ni kwamba tiba iliyozoeleka kwa U.T.I ni kutumia dawa za kuua bakteria (antibiotics) ambapo bakteria wanaosababisha ugonjwa huu wanaoitwa E.coli wameanza kuwa sugu dhidi ya hizi dawa hivyo kusababisha wagonjwa wengie kupata U.T.I sugu.

U.T.I ni mkusanyiko wa maambukizi eidha ya fangasi, virusi au bakteria ambayo yanatokewa kwenye njia ya mkojo ya mwanamke na mwanaume. Tunaposema njia ya mkojo tunaongelea figo zote mbili, mirija inayotoa mkojo kutoka kwenye figo hadi kwenye kibofu cha mkojo huitwa ureter, kibofu chenyewe  na mrija wa kutoa mkojo nje kutoka kwenye kibofu.

Kazi ya figo ni kuchuja maji yaliyopo kwenye damu na kutoa maji yaliyozidi na takamwili. Baada ya hapo mkojo huifadhiwa kwenye kibofu na baadaye kutolewa nje kupitia mrija wa urethra ambayo una misuli ya sphincter iliyopo kwenye uke na uume.

Bakteria wanaopatikana kwenye kinyesi ndiyo kwa kiasi kikubwa husababisha U.T.I. Hawa wanapoingia kwenye njia ya mkojo mwilini kwa kutumia kinga yake huweza kuwadhibiti, lakini inaposhindikana ndipo bakteria hawa husababisha madhara.

Kitendo cha kukojoa mara kwa mara husaidia kusafisha bakteria waliojishikiza kwenye njia ya mkojo na pia tezi dume hutoa majimaji kwa mwanaume ambayo huzuia ukuaji wa bakteria wabaya. Japo kuna kinga kubwa ya mwili dhidi ya U.T.I lakini bado kuna hatari ya kuugua ugonjwa huu ndiyo maana tunatakiwa kuwa makini zaidi.

KWA WANAWAKE
Wanawake wapo hatarini zaidi kupata maambukizi kwenye njia ya mkojo kutokana na kwamba njia yao ya mkojokuelekea kwenye kibofu ni fupi kwa hiyo bakteria wanaweza kusafiri haraka zaidi na kuleta athari kwenye kibofu. Sababu nyingine ni kwamba njia ya kutolea mkojo kwa mwanamke kwenye uke ipo karibu zaidi na mahali pa haja kubwa penye bakteria waletao maambukizi.

DALILI ZA U.T.I
Zifuatazo ni dalili za moja kwa moja kwa watu wazima kupatwa na ugonjwa huu kama vile kupata maumivu makali wakati wa kukojoa, kujisikia hali ya kuchomachoma kwenye kibofu wakati wa kukojoa, kujisikia kukojoa mara kwa mara na kutoa mkojo mdogo sana, maumivu ya misuli, maumivu chini ya tumbo, mkojo kuwa mwekundu au wa pink (dalili ya damu kwenye mkojo) na unaonuka na maumivu ya nyonga kwa wanawake na wakati mwingine kushindwa kujizuia mkojo.

AINA ZA MAAMBUKIZI
Kuna aina nyingi za maambukizi katika njia ya mkojo.

Maambukizi yanayotokea kwenye mirija ya urethra huitwa Urethritis na dalili zake ni kama maumivu ya mgongo wa chini, homa kali, mwili kutetemeka na kutapika, urethritis yaweza kusababishwa na bakteria wa E. coli na virusi pia wa herpes simplex. Kama maambukizi yametokea kwenye kibofu basi huitwa cystitis.

 Dalili za athari kwenye kibofu ni kama maumivu ya nyonga, mkojo wa mara kwa mara unaoambatana na maumivu makali na mkojo wenye damu.

Bakteria pia wanaweza kusafiri mpaka kwenye figo na kuathiri figo, aina hii ya maambukizi tunaita pyelonephritis. Dalili za kuwa figo zimepata athari ni maumivu wakati wa kukojoa hii ni kutokana na uwepo wa mawe ya figo ambayo hukwama kwenye mirija ya kutolea mkojo. Maambukizi kwenye njia ya mkojo hutokea pale bakteria wanapoingia kwenye njia ya mkojo, kujishikiza na kuanza kukua mpaka kuleta athari.

KWA TIBA YA UTI SUGU NA UNAPONA KABISA ANGALIA KWENYE VIDEO HII


Usisahau kusubscribe, kulike na kushare

Sunday, 16 December 2018

NJIA KUMI (10) ZA KUONDOA CHUNUSI NA MABAKA MABAKA MWILINI


1. Magadi Soda,
Magadi soda ni mazuri sana kwa kusafishia uso na haswa ukiwa na chunusi. Changanya kiasi kidogo cha magadi soda na maji ya kutosha kuunda kidonge kidogo na kisha weka au kandika kidonge hicho sehemu iliyoathirika na chunusi.
Kwa muda wa dakika 15 hadi 20 au mpaka ikauke, na kisha suuza kwa majiyasiyo ya moto. Unaweza kurudia rudia mara kadhaa kwa siku mpaka utakapoona athari za chunusi zimepotea.


2. Matango:
Unaweza kutumia Tango kwa kuondoa chunusi na hata kuondoa mabaka mabaka katika ngozi na kuifanya ngozi yako kuonekana yenye afya na yenye kuvutia.
Matango ni mazuri sana kwa kusafishia uso na haswa ukiwa na chunusi. Kata tango na kisha liponde ponde (unaweza kutumia blenda) kisha paka au kandika usoni. Acha likae kwa muda wa dakika 15 hadi 20 hivi, kisha suuza kwa maji baridi. Unaweza kurudia kwa siku mara mbili mpaka mara tatu hadi utakapopona.

3. Kitunguu Swaumu:
Unaweza kutumia kitunguu swaumu kuondoa chunusi. Matumizi ya Kitunguu swaumu huleta matokeo mazuri sana katika kuondoa chunusi usoni na hata kuuwa bakteria sababu kina kemikali (antiseptiki) inayozuia kukua kwa bakteria kwenye jeraha au ngozi iliyo athirika kwa chunusi au hata kwenye kidonda. Na pia ina viwango vya juu wa salfa (ni zuri kwa ajili ya kukausha mafuta kwenye ngozi ya mwili).
Twanga kitungu swaumu, au unaweza kukata nusu na kubandika sehemu iliyo na chunusi huku ukishikilia kwa dakika 5 mpaka 10, na kisha safisha na majibaridi. Waweza kufanya hivyo asubuhi na jioni

4. Mnanaa (Peppermint):
Unaweza kutumia majani ya Mnanaa kuondoa chunusi usoni. Majani ya mnanaa hutumika hata kwa wale wenye matatizo ya Mba kwenye kichwa.
Twanga majani machache au saga kisha weka sehemu iliyo athirika. Wacha mpaka pakauke na kisha safisha kwa maji baridi. Unaweza kufanya hivyo mara kadhaa kwa siku.

5. Limao:
Kata limao na kisha kwa kutumia kijiti chenye pamba kiloweke kwenye maji ya limao, sugua sehemu yenye chunusi, kisha acha pakauke, unaweza kurudia rudia kila baada ya masaa kadhaa.
Usitumie maji ya limao ya kwenye chupa (ya dukani), kwa sababu yanaweza kuwa yamewekwa kemikali zingine ili kuyahifadhi kiasi cha kuondoa ubora wa kemikali halisi za kwenye limao. Tumia limao halisi.

6. Asali:
Matumizi ya asali kutibu chunusi huwezesha ngozi, iwe na afya na nyororo. Kwa sababu kwenye asali kuna virutubisho vingi vyenye kazi ya kuua vimelea (bacteria) na kuzuia uchafu na kusinyaa kwa ngozi.
Weka asali kidogo sehemu ilio athirika na iache kwa muda mrefu kadri uwezavyo. Vilevile unaweza kupaka uso mzima au hata mwili mzima ukitaka. Sababu asali inarutubisha ngozi ya mwili na kuifanya iwe na afya na mwonekano mzuri. Ukisha ridhika na muda wa asali kwenye ngozi yako unaweza kusafisha kwa kutumia maji ya vuguvugu.

7. Papai:
Unaweza kushangaa, lakini matumizi ya papai yameonyesha matokeo mazuri sana katika kuondoa chunusi usoni na kusafisha sehemu zingine za mwili.
Ponda ponda kiasi kidogo cha papai na upakae sehemu yenye chunusi, kisha liache kwa muda mrefu kadri uwezavyo. Ukisha ridhika na muda unaweza kujisafisha kwa kutumia maji ya kawaida. Unaweza kurudia mara kadhaa kila siku kama unataka.

8. Dawa Ya Meno:
Unaweza kushangaa, lakini ushangazwi na matokeo mazuri ya meno yako kusafishika kwa dawa ya meno.
Kemikali zinazotumika kuuwa Bakteria wa kwenye meno, pia zina uwezo wa kupambana na bakteria wengine. Tumia dawa ya meno isiyo na gel (non-gel) paka kwenye chunusi. Ni vizuri ukatumia usiku wakati wa kwenda kulala, ila si vibaya ukipaka hata muda wa asubuhi au mchana mradi tu uwe na muda wa kutosha wa dawa kukauka ili iweze kufanya kazi vizuri.
Namna nyingine ni kuchanganya dawa ya meno na unga wa mahindi au ngano iliyosagwa na kuwa laini sana. Unaweza kupaka na kuiacha ikauke kwa dakika tano mpaka 10.
Safisha kwa sabuni. Mchanganyiko huu unasaidia kukausha chunusi.

9. Poda:
Unaweza kutumia baby powder kwa kupaka nyakati za usiku wakati wa kwenda kulala na kuiacha mpaka asubuhi.

10. Mvuke:
Unaweza kutumia mvuke (Steam/vapour) kuondoa mafuta yaliozidi kwenye ngozi ya uso wako. Kwa kujifukisha. Kwa wale ambao hawana mashine wanaweza kujaza sufuria au bakuli kwa maji ya moto na kujifunika kwa taulo huku ukielekeza uso wako kwenye sufuria au bakuli lenye maji yanayotoa mvuke kwa dakika 5 mpaka 10 hivi. Unaweza kufanya hivi pamoja na njia mojawapo nilizo zitaja hapo juu.

MHIMU: Kunywa maji ya kunywa kila siku glasi 8 mpaka 10, jishughulishe namazoezi ya viungo na ujiweke msafi kila mara.
Njia hizi za Asili zinaweza kuchukuwa muda kidogo mpaka kuona matokeo ya kuridhisha.
Njia zote hizi kama hazijaleta matokeo mazuri, tafadhali muone daktari wa ngozi au nenda hospitali iliyo karibu kwa uchunguzi zaidi wa ngozi yako.

Wednesday, 12 December 2018

KIJANA WA MIAKA 14, ALIYEHUKUMIWA KUNYONGWA



KIJANA MDOGO WA MIAKA 14 ALIYEHUKUMIWA KUNYONGWA

 GEORGE JUNIUS STINNEY, Jr.  ndiye kijana mdogo aliyehukumiwa kifo kwa kiti cha umeme mwaka 1944, baada ya wasichana wawili wa kizungu, Betty June binnicker wa miaka 11 na Mery Emma thames wa miaka 7.    baada kupotea na miili yao kuokotwa kesho yake ikiwa tayari wamekufa na mtu wa mwisho kuonekana akiongea na hawa watoto alikuw ni huyu kijana mwenye asili ya kiafrika George(14)

ANGALIA TUKIO ZIMA KATIKA VIDEO HII

                 R.I.P George  stinney, jr (14)

Friday, 19 October 2018

MO DEWIJ AELEZA WALIOMTEKA

Mo dewiji aeleza waliomteka  kuwa sio watanzania,,

Kwa mujibu wa video hii, hii ndiyo kauli ya mfanyabiashara Mo Dewji mara baada ya kupatikana.

- Akiwa na baadhi ya maafisa wakiongozwa na Kamanda wa Polisi Kanda maalum ya Polisi Dar es salaam, Lazaro Benedict Mambosasa; ambaye ameeleza namna Mo alivyopatikana.

Monday, 15 October 2018

SAUDI ARABIA VOWS RETALIATION IF PUNISHED OVER MISSING A JOUNALIST












And the saudi arabia said he will pay vengeance if the United States would punish economically for the murder of the author (JAMAL KHASHOGGI).

 However, the Ukrainian capital has ignored the threat. Two Senators of the REPUBLICAN have said the US Congress is still taking action, including the possibility of protesting Saudi Arab Arabism.

White House economist adviser LARRY KUDLOW refused to predict what TRUMP would do after promising to take action.

TRUMP promised strong measures if the United States had evidence that KHASHOGGI was killed in the Saudi Arabia Embassy in instanbul.


Translated into swahili language

Na saudi arabia yasema italipiza kisasi iwapo marekani itaiadhibu kiuchumi kwa tuhuma za mauaji ya mwandishi huyo,

Hata hivyo ikulu ya marekani imepuuza vitisho hivyo.
Maseneta wawili wa chama cha REPUBLICAN wamesema Bunge la Marekani liko tayali kuchukua hatua ikiwa ni pamoja na uwezekekann wa kuzuia uuzaji siraha kwa Saudi arabia.

Mshauri wa masuala ya uchumi wa White House, LARRY KUDLOW alikataa kutabiri kile kitakachofanywa ma Raisi TRUMP baada ya kuahidi kuchukua hatua kali.

TRUMP aliahidi hatua kali kuchukuliwa iwapo marekani itakuwa na ushahidi kwamba KHASHOGGI aliuawa ndani ya ubalozi mdogo wa Saudi Arabia mjini instanbul.

Tuesday, 9 October 2018

MAKE MONEY IN REAL ESTATE



Hellow! Hellow!
 Every one dreaming to have a lot of money, luxoully life and need to invest in real and true estate(company) so as to get a positive results...now I know we are from different countries around the world also each person have his or her own business idea so 👇 down here in a comment launch your online business link with volution to share all over the world But on my side the best site to invest our money are:




 How about you? What is your business idea?

 You may join in our watsap group Click this link👉
https://chat.whatsapp.com/BelFVT5fXfH57Oy4zubt3G

Monday, 8 October 2018

PROPHET BUSHIRI VISIT THE FAMILIES OF JAMES NEE, BRIAN AND BESTON



Prophet bushiri after visiting those families 
He said i would like to take this moment and extend my warmest appreciation to every person who stood with me my wife and our ministry during the most trying times we went through,

The death of james nee and two others, brian and beston khama came to shock to all of us  a results our hearts simmered 

But with your prayers and continued support,God gaves us renewed strength to rise above the tragedy and help lead our departed three home, last night i took time to visit the families of the three and expressed to them that i am one of them, the bereaved, i have lost my spiritual son and it was beffiting that shock hands with family members in these trying times,

Lets continue to pray for the bereaved families as they pass through these times.

For more information👇

www.ayubuh.blogspot.com

SIXTEEN (16) WAYS TO BE RICH BY INVESTING IN YOURSELF




  1. Manage your time.
  2. Travel.
  3. Choose your friends wisely.
  4.  Take care of your body and give yourself a break. 
  5.  Take a course and learn new skills. 
  6.  Read books and blogs.
  7.  Start a side business.
  8.  Expand your network.
  9.  Get out of debt.
  10.  Save your money. 
  11.  Invest your money and in your future.
  12. Set goals.
  13.  Find a mentor or a business coach
  14.  Stop procrasting.
  15.  Become the boss of your money.
  16.  Know your limits, respect them and create multiple income streams.

TZ; TRUCK MISSED A BRAKE ONE PEOPLE DIED AND SIX PEOPLE INJURED


The truck missed the brake and killed 1 Tegeta. 6 was injured






One person died and 6 were injured after being stabbed by a cement truck on the slope towards Kibaoni Tegeta after a brake break over the Wazo Hill factory.

EBOLA INFECTED PEOPLE INCREASED


 
The World Health Organization (WHO) and health officials in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) report that there is an increase in the number of people infected with Ebola in recent days.

 Not less than 177 people have been confirmed or suspected of having an infection in the eastern DRC until Saturday - that is an increase in 162 infections recorded last Tuesday.

 There are currently 11 disadvantages that exist when testing tests continue. To date, not more than 113 people have lost their lives in the epidemics of the epidemics, beginning to occur in the eastern DRC. Some recent deaths have occurred outside the hospital, which increases the risk of spreading the disease.

Most societies have the custom of bury where mourners touch the bodies of their loved ones and contract the virus. The efforts to control the explosion are raging because of the threat of the threat of insecurity that are caused by groups of fighters, disadvantaged communities and health care providers and geographical distributors. The Health Organization is concerned that the virus can spread in neighboring DRCs.

JAMES NEE PROPHECIES HIS OWN DEATH



 REST IN PEACE OUR BROTHER JAMES NEE, HE WAS A GREAT SINGER IN ECG MINISTRY.




Although the death of JAMES NEE was a surprise to us to James it was not, on 21 July 2018 He said it all on instagram.

 "It felt like i was sleeping in a vision i was taken captured in a moment my heart stopped beating slowly slowly a voice calling JAMES i knew it was the end"

to be continued...



Sunday, 7 October 2018

TANZANIA; ONE KILLED IN SHOOTING POLICE DISPLACED PROTESTERS


One killed in shooting Police displaced protesters in Ileje District, Songwe.


Ishenta village in Ileje Mkoani Songwe District has been killed at a shootout while the Military Force was using the power to scatter more than four hundred people who were attacking a police car protesting the arrest of the pilots.

TANZANIA: NINE (9) MARKERT STAFF ARRESTED


Hai District, Kilimanjaro Region, Lengai Ole Sabaya

has ordered nine arrests of the Sadala market staff in the district, including the head of the market, Joseph Akyoo for suspicion of public finances.

 The district commissioner issued the order yesterday after receiving a complaint from the traders of the market, given a receipt of incompetence and unemployment of EFD machines in collecting revenue.

 The district chief ordered the police and anti-corruption institutions (Takukuru) and police officers who were present at an auction hearing conference, to arrest the officials to investigate the suspects.

 According to Sabaya, in the short term, there has been a significant shortage in the financial collections so there are signs of fraudulent public finances. "This market, despite having many domestic and foreign traders, is still small and I agree with traders there is a dirty game here that needs to be investigated," he said.

 Initially, talking at the meeting, market traders, Erick Ndosi and Amina Abdalah said they have been given a number of hands-on receipts that are being made on the street.

 Ndosi said despite the granting of a receipt of hand that they do not believe if all the money comes to the council and the market is dirty and they do not know what the money is doing.

 Amina said the market leaders have been making huge taxes and issuing receipts that are not of the councils so that they can investigate the incident.

 Hai's Executive Director John Sinto said the council would monitor whether these machines were damaged or damaged by the officials because it is wrong to use non-EFD receipts.

DRC.CONGO: VEHICLE CAR ACCIDENT KILLED ABOUT 50 PEOPLE AND INJURED ABOUT 100


Nearly 50 people have been killed after a truck collided with a small car on the west highway of the Democratic Republic of Congo.







The accident occurred near the town of Kisantu, central Kinshasa and the port of Matadi.
 100 people received severe injuries of fire according to Atou Matabuana, governor of the Congo Central. "Fire fired rapidly and consumed nearby homes," said the United Nations radio station Okapi.







Roadways between the country have been relocated for many years since the war.

 In 2012, 220 people were killed when an oil trailer turned around and consumed several villages.

 One of those testified told AFP that he saw 53 million. A doctor at a hospital who cured injuries said there had been no time to treat the victims. 'We tried to help but there are those who die,' Dr Dr resor said.
 The Kisantu town is located 120 miles [120 km] south of Kinshasa.

About 10 people have died in a earthquake in Haiti




The quake struck near the northernmost tip of Haiti late on Saturday, causing damage to buildings, including an auditorium that collapsed and a hospital, authorities and media reported.

 The quake struck about 20 km (12.3 miles), north-west of the port of Port-de-Paix, the US Geological Survey said. The police chief for the north-west region, Jackson Hilaire, said seven people died in Port-de-Paix, while the interior minister, Reynaldo Brunet, said three people had died further south in the town of Gros-Morne.

 Rescue workers reported the collapse of part of a hospital and an auditorium as the quake hit on a rainy evening The quake was one of the strongest to hit Haiti since a 7.0-magnitude quake struck near the capital, Port-au-Prince, in 2010, killing thousands of people in the impoverished Caribbean country.

Hatiti President

In a post on Twitter, Haiti’s president, Jovenel Moïse, urged people to remain calm after the civil protection agency said the quake caused injuries and panic in northern towns.

 Muktaar Robow: Alshabab's former headman is prevented from getting Somalia's leadership


Muktaar Robow: Alshabab's former headman is prevented from getting Somalia's leadership

Well-known Mukhtaar Roobow also as Abu Mansur

 The former commissioner and founder of the Islamic militia group in Somalia, Mukhtar Robow, has been denied access to government leadership.
 In a press release, the Ministry of Defense has said that Roobow could not afford any government office because he still faces legal restrictions.

 The statement was issued one day after Roobow announced that he would receive a provincial-western government in the upcoming regional elections.

Mukhtaar Robow said his decision to enter politics is following the call of citizens, his followers in the southern western province.

 He has demonstrated that he is ready if he will win, approve a solid relationship with the federal government in the capital Mogadishu, which has been in conflict with some states.

 But who is Robow? 

Mukhtaar Robow Mr Robow was the deputy leader of al-Shabaab and a spokesman for the group of Islamic fighters. In 2000 he was trained in a al-Qaeda alliance group in Afghanistan.

He handed himself over in al-Shabab in 2012, given what he referred to as a pursuit of ideas and ideas. He surrendered with his fighters in the town of the suburb of Hudur. Later he formed his group of militants fighting for Alshabaab.

 In June last year, following the statement that Robow is collaborating with the Somali government, the Foreign Ministry removed him from the list of terrorists and eliminated $ 5 million that he had promised to anyone who would assist in Robow's arrest.


One man grieving near the dead in an area where a bomb erupted in Mogadishu on October 14, 2017

 What role does Robow have for government leadership? There is a group looking at him with the shape of evil that Alshabaab has done for the deaths of thousands of people.

 That is a wound that will always be scarce and thus it may be difficult for him to get full support. And there is a second look at the benefits of his surrendering and the cooperation of the Somali government in helping combat the Islamic militant group.

 So in the end, it is likely that profit may increase and probably they are entitled to that direction. And as he describes himself Robow, there are people who pressured him to get leadership, maybe that's the preview of his holding. 


A few months after the Somali presidential election from the airport for fear of Al Shabaab attacks, Mohamed Abdullahi gave his promise to the Somali people.

 He said, 'My goal is to conquer Al Shabaab for the next two years. I hope that when we work together, we will bring peace and tranquility to Somalia '. But his leadership has witnessed attacks, and Mogadishu is still one of the most dangerous cities in the world.

Saturday, 6 October 2018

FAIDA NA MADHARA YA KUPIGA PUNYETO (MASTURBATION)


FAIDA NA MADHARA YA PUNYETO






Kufanya au kupiga punyeto, ni tendo la kutomasa sehemu zako mwenyewe za siri ili kujisisimua kimapenzi. Kwa hivyo katika kupiga punyeto hamna hofu ya kuambukizwa magonjwa yanayosambazwa kupitia ngono, kwani haimshirikishi mtu mwengine. Punyeto ni toshelezo kamili la kimapenzi kama utatumia njia mbali mbali za kujitomosa na kujipa papasa ya kujistarehesha. Hakuna mtu anayezaliwa akijua jinsi mwili wake unavyoitikia msisimko wa kimapenzi. Inakubidi kujifunza kwa majaribio salama. Na, kwa vile kila mtu yuko tofauti, njia nyengine ya kujua jinsi unavyoweza kumstarehesha mpenzi wako, ni kujifunza kutoka kwako mwenyewe. Shughulika zaidi na sehemu ambazo zinasisimka kwa urahisi. Unaweza kufikia kilele cha starehe yako kwa kuitomasa tomasa mboo au kisimi, lakini kutakupa hamu kubwa na ashiki, na kufikia kutoshelezwa vya kutosha, kama utapapasa pia sehemu nyenginezo za mwili wako. .

KWA NINI PUNYETO HUONEKANA KUWA MAKOSA?

 Msimamo wa dini nyingi na watu wengi ni kuwa punyeto ni dhambi, mwiko, jambo lililokatazwa, jambo lisilokubalika kabisa. Lakini wanasanyansi wanasema ni jambo salama kiafya na dhana zilizopo kulihusu, ni imani za kibinafsi na chaguo la mtu. Wanaume wengi na wanawake hupiga punyeto maishani mwao, kwa sababu huwafanya wakajisikia vizuri na huondoa dhiki za mihemko ya kimapenzi bila kujiingiza katika ngono na mtu mwengine. Pia hofu ya kuambukizwa magonjwa ya zinaa, ikiwemo virusi vya HIV ni kichocheo tosha kinachopelekea baadhi ya watu kupiga punyeto.

 FAIDA ZA KUPIGA PUNYETO.

1) Kuujua mwili wako na kujiamini zaidi linapokuja swala la kungonoka(fanya mapenzi)

 2)Kuongezeka kwa hamu ya kufanya mapenzi kwa vile utakuwa unajua utamu wake.

 3)Kujua "vipele vyako viliko".

 4)Kutokuusaulisha mwili wako ikiwa uko nje ya uhusiano au umeamua kuwa single kwa muda.

 5)Kuepuka mimba na maambukizo ya virusi vya UKIMWI na magonjwa mengine. Hizi ni baadhi tu ya faida zipo faida nyingi. Pamoja na faida hizo vivle tukiangalia upande mwingine wa shilingi tunayaona haya hapa chini. M

MADHARA YA KUPIGA PUNYETO. 

Ifahamike kuwa kuna watu wengi sana wanatumia mikono yao kujisaga katika sehemu nyeti, Jambo hili linamadhara makubwa sana kwa binaadamu, Jambo hili kwa lugha ya kiingereza wanaliita Masturbution, ni kitendo cha mwanaume kujisugua tupu zake.

 Licha ya tafsiri ya punyeto kuwalenga wanaume zaidi lakini katika mada yangu ya pili nitaelezea Usagaji na madhara yake kwani hili linahusu wanawake na hili la usagaji linaingizwa na punyeto kwani madhara yake yanakaribiana lakini tofauti inakuja jinsi ya kujirizisha.

 Wanaume wengi sana wanatumia mikono mikavu kujisaga, jambo hili huwafanya waharibu mishipa ya fahamu inayounganisha uume na mfumo uliopo kwenye ubongo.

Uharibifu huu humfanya mwanaume apoteze msisimko wa kujamiiana au hata akiupata humfanya ashidwe kufikisha hisia zake kisawasawa khasa akikutana na mwenza wake ambaye sehemu zake nyeti ni laini sana tofauti na mikono alozoea kujichua nayo.

Jambo jingine hatari linalo mkabili mpiga Punyeto ni upotevu wa hisia wakati wa kujichua kwa mfano ili afike kwenye kilele lazima akuze hisia zake kwa kiwango cha juu, pengine kupita ukweli halisi ataokutana nao pindi atakapokuwa na mwanamke faraghani.
Mpiga Punyeto hajitoshelezi mpaka amlete kwenye hisia mrembo kama Miss World kisha amvike utundu wa kimahaba ampe manjonjo hadi mwenyewe atosheke, kwa namna hii mwanaume mwenye kufanya mazoea ya kufanya hisia za wanawake warembo ambao hawezi kuwapata kwa hali halisi anapokutana na kina Mwafulani wa mtaani tena sio mtundu kimapenzi, hapo kamwe hawezi kusisimka mwili na hivyo kujikuta Uume wake husimama kwa kiwango cha chini sana.

 Madhara mengine yanayopatikana ndani ya kitendo hiki ni kuumwana sana na kichwa, mgongo, kupoteza nguvu za mwili na macho, madhara mengine makubwa khasa mwanamme anaejichua mara mbili au tatu kwa siku ni kushidwa kuzalisha, hii inatokana na kukosekana kwa mbegu komavu za kiume kwenye mfuko wa uzazi.

 Kwa ufupi madhara ni haya hapa; 

 1.Punyeto hukufanya uwe dhaifu, inapoteza protini na kalsiamu ndani ya mwili wako.

 2. Huleta matatizo kwenye neva nyurolojia ndani ya mwili

 3. Ni moja ya kisababishi kikuu cha uhanithi (uume kushindwa kusimama) 

4. Ni rahisi kuwa mtumwa wa kujichua (teja) unaweza kujaribu mara 1 tu na tayari ukawa teja wa jambo hilo kila mara

 5. Huleta uchomvu sugu na kwa haraka zaidi, mara nyingi utahitaji kulala usingizi hata nyakati za mchana

 6. Husababisha mfadhaiko (stress) kwenye akili na kwenye roho yako pia

7. Huleta matatizo ya kisaikolojia, hukusababishia majonzi na huzuni na kukufanya kujilaumu nafsi mara baada ya kumaliza kujichua

 8. Punyeto haifanyiki kirahisi, unahitaji akili yako iwaze au itazame picha mbaya au chafu au kumfikiria kimapenzi mtu asiyekuwepo hapo ulipo. Hili ni jambo baya zaidi kwa afya kwani picha hizo hazikuondoki haraka kichwani mwako tofauti na ukishiriki tendo la ndoa na binadamu mwenzio moja kwa moja.

 9. Punyeto inakupelekea kufanya makutano haramu kwakuwa hiyo hamu yako ya kutaka kujichua kila mara itakupelekea kuanza kutafuta vijarida au picha za ngono jambo ambalo ni baya zaidi kwa afya yako ya mwili na roho

 10. Punyeto inapelekea tatizo lingine kubwa zaidi nalo ni kuwahi kufika kileleni utakaposhiriki tendo la ndoa na mwenza wako, hii itakuletea shida kwenye mahusiano yako wewe mwenyewe na hata kwa mwenza wako.
11. Punyeto inapunguza uwingi wa mbegu (reduces your sperm count) kama matokeo yake mwanaume hataweza kumpa mwanamke ujauzito. Hili la kuwa na mbegu chache ndilo chanzo kikuu cha ugumba kwa wanaume na ni matokeo ya kupiga punyeto mara kwa mara.

 12. Kimaadili kabisa punyeto au kujichua ni jambo baya, unamuwaza fulani na kujikuta ukishiriki tendo la ndoa peke yako. Hii inapunguza thamani yako na nidhamu kwa wengine. Unaweza kuwa mzuri kwenye maeneo mengine mengi lakini utaishia kuwa na matatizo kama hutaiacha tabia hii haraka.

 13. Punyeto inapoteza muda wako na kukufanya mtu usiye na faida

 14. Raha ya kujichua haibaki akilini kwa kipindi kirefu kama vile ukishiriki tendo la ndoa kwa na mtu halisi

 15. Punyeto husababisha ugonjwa wa kupoteza kumbukumbu, ni vigumu kuwa na akili ya utulivu na kukumbuka vitu kama tayari umeshakuwa teja wa punyeto.

 16. Kujichua siyo soluhisho la mwisho la hitaji lako, yaani hutaona kuridhika katika kitendo hicho, kadri unavyofanya ndivyo unavyoendelea kuhitaji zaidi na zaidi mpaka mwisho unakuwa hanithi kabisa bila kujitambua

 17. Punyeto haina faida yoyote kwenye maisha yako ya kimapenzi, huhitaji kwa ajili ya chochote

 18. Punyeto inaongeza aibu, inapunguza uwezo wa kujiamini. Wengi waliozoea kujichua hata kutongoza kwao huwa ni kazi kubwa mno kiasi wengine huona bora kuendelea kujichua kuliko kutongoza mwanamke. 

19. Utapoteza hamu ya kushiriki tendo la ndoa kirahisi zaidi kama utaendelea kujichua

 20. Punyeto huchochea mapenzi ya jinsia moja hasa mashuleni, vyuoni na kwenye mahoteli na mwishowe hupelekea kusambaa kwa magonjwa mengi ya zinaa.

 21. Punyeto inamaliza nguvu za kiume, kama unapenda kujichua basi sahau kuwa na nguvu za kiume. Upungufu wa nguvu za kiume ni janga la kitaifa miaka ya sasa lakini chanzo kikuu ni vijana wengi wa kiume kuanza kujichua tangu wakiwa mashuleni.

 Hii yote madhara ya hapa duniani lakini kwa Mungu ni mwisho wa hisabu kwani ''Amelaaniwa mtumiaji mkono kwa kujisugua uume wake(Punyeto) Kujichua kwa kutumia sanamu a.k.a Dildos kunaweza sababisha kusamburuka kwa nyama za nyeti zako(inategemea na aina ya sanamu), kupoteza hisia za uume halisi kutokana na kuzoea "dubwana" hizo, kifo kutokana na "shock" ikiwa unatumia ya umeme, vilevile saratani ikiwa unatumia vilainishio ili kurahisisha "dubwana a.k.a toy a.k.a Dildo" kuingia.

Kujichua kupita kiasi kunaweza kusababisha kupoteza hisia uume halisi.

TUPAMBANE NA SARATANI YA KIZAZI


UJUMBE KUTOKA HOSPITALI KUU YA TAIFA

 Tafadhali mjulishe mkeo kuhusiana na hili, , Hii ni tahdhari muhimu kutoka wataalamu wa afya [ LUTH ] kwa wanawake wote wawe watoto wachanga, wasichana, mabinti, wanawake, akina mama;
 saratani ya kizazi imeenea tafadhali epuka kuosha sehemu zako za siri kwa kutumia sabuni, osha kwa kutumia maji tu, kuna kemikali mbali mbali kwenye sabuni ambazo kiujumla wake ni hatari sana naupo uwezekano zinasababisha saratani ya kizazi, kesi za saratani ya kizazi zimatapakaa katika hospitali nyingi kubwa kwa hiyo ckujua tahadhari kwa ujumbe huu muhimu.
Kama unawaonea huruma wafikishie ujumbe huu ambao pia ni muhimu kwako.

 ⭕ Wasichana 56 wamefariki kwa kutumia (Pedi) Whisper, Stayfree nk.

 ⭕ Usitumie pedi moja kwa kutwa nzima kwa sababu kemikali zilizotumika (kuitengenezea) inabadilisha maji maji na kuwa rojo rojo ambayo inasababisha saratani katika kibofu cha mkojo na kwenye fuko la uzazi.

Kwa hiyo tafadhali jaribu kutumia pedi zilizotengenezwa kwa kutumia pamba, au kama unatumia aina nyengine ya pedi tafadhali angalau badilisha kila baada ya masaa matano kwa siku.

 Unapopitiliza muda damu (iliyopo kwenye pedi) hugeuka rangi na kuwa ya kijani na kuotesha ukungu (fungus) unaoingia ndani ya fuko la uzazi na kwenye mwili.

 ⭕ Tafadhali usione aibu kuusambaza ujumbe huu kwa wasichana na hata kwa wavulana watakao usambaza pia kwa marafiki zao na wake zao wanaowajali.

⭕ DHAMIRIA

 Kutokomeza saratani ya matiti "Breast Cancer". BREAST CANCER(saratani ya titi)





🔺 Mtunze mtoto wako (Kumuweka nadhifu).

🔺Fua sidiria yako kila siku.

 ðŸ”ºEpuka kuvaa sidiria nyeusi wakati wa kiangazi (Summer).

 ðŸ”ºUsivae sidiria wakati wa kulala.

 ðŸ”ºUsivae sidiria zenye chuma kwa muda mrefu.

 ðŸ”ºUnapokuwa juani ziba kifua chako chote kwa mtandio au kitambaa (Scarf).
🔺Tumia deodorant na usitumie Anti Perspirant.
 Kwa faida yako. "Deodorant ni manukato yanayotumika kupaka chini ya kwapa kwa kuleta harufu nzuri na wakati huo huo sehemu ile ya mwili iliyopaka deodorant mwili kufanya kazi kama kawaida kwa kuruhusu vipenyo kupitisha jasho. Wakati Anti Perspirant huwa haifanyi hivyo, kazi yake ni kuzui jasho lisitoke na kuifanya sehemu hiyo ya mwili kuwa kavu jambo ambalo ni hatari kiafya na linaweza kusababisha saratani".

 ðŸ”ºUjumbe huu umetolewa na Hospitali ya Saratani ya Tata " Tata Cancer Hospitali" ipo India.

 ⭕ Ufikishe ujumbe huu kwa wanawake wote unaowajali bila kusita. 

⭕ Kupeana mwamko ni muhimu.

 ⭕ Nakujali.

 ⭕ Tafdhali usisite kuwajulisha wanawake wengine na usambaze ujumbe huu kwa kila mwanamke aliemo kwenye orodha yako.

 ⭕ Nitaanza na wewe. ❣ ❣ ❣ Tuma ujumbe huu angalau kwa group japo moja ili uwafikie wengi zaidi

 Imeandikwa na Dk.habelnoah

FAIDA 24 ZAKUTUMIA ASALI ILIYOCHANGANYWA NA MDALASINI MWILINI

Asali ni tiba karibu kwa kila ugonjwa. Matumizi ya asali kama tiba kwa magonjwa mbalimbali ni kitu ambacho kinafahamika kwa karne nyingi zilizopita duniani kote. Vitabu vingi vya zamani vimeandika namna watu walivyotibiwa magonjwa mbalimbali kutokana na asali.
Inapotokea dawa za asili mbili zinachanganywa pamoja katika uwiano fulani, hutokea kuundwa dawa nyingine nzuri ambayo ni tiba kwa maradhi mengi sana. Moja kati ya muunganiko wa dawa hizo za kushangaza ni pale asali inapochanganywa na mdalasini.
Muunganiko huu umekuwa ukitumika kwa karne nyingi kutibu magonjwa mengi mwilini na kuimarisha afya ya mwili kwa ujumla. Watu wengi wanakiri maajabu yaliyomo kwenye hii dawa asili asali yenye mdalasini
Dawa hii ya asili ni maarufu kwa maelfu ya miaka katika tiba asili za China (Traditional Chinese Medicine – TCM), Ugiriki (Unani Medicine), India (ayurvedic) na Mashariki ya kati (The science of medicines based on natural treatment in the East – Tibb).
Kwa mjibu wa wataalamu wa tiba asili nchini China, mdalasini huongeza joto mwilini. Mdalasini hutengeneza joto mwilini lijulikanalo kwa kichina kama “yang”. Yang hutibu “yin” (yin kwa kichina humaanisha baridi). Wakati asali yenyewe kwa asili huweka sawa usawa wa joto na baridi mwilini.
Hizi ndizo kazi 24 za ASALI iliyochanganywa na mdalasini
1. Tiba ya baridi yabisi (Arthritis)
Watu wengi wanaripoti matokeo mazuri baada ya siku chache tu za kutumia kinywaji hiki chenye mchanganyiko wa asali yenye mdasini kutwa mara 2. Ili kutibu baridi yabisi ongeza kijiko kidogo kimoja cha mdalasini ya unga na kijiko kikubwa kimoja cha asali mbichi ndani ya glasi 1 ya maji ya uvuguvugu na unywe nusu glasi kabla ya chakula cha asubuhi na nusu glasi nyingine kabla ya kwenda kulala.
Utafiti huo ulifanyika katika chuo kikuu cha Copenhagen ambako wanafunzi walipewa asali yenye mdalasini ili kutibu baridi yabisi. Baada ya wiki 1 iligundulika kuwa wanafunzi 73 kati ya 200 walikuwa hawaonyeshi dalili tena za ugonjwa huo. Baada ya mwezi mmoja kila mmoja alikuwa amepona na kuwa na uwezo wa kutembea na kufanya kazi.
2. Nzuri kwa ugonjwa wa moyo
Chakula sahihi, mazoezi ya viungo, na kuepuka kukaa kwenye kiti masaa mengi ni mhimu kwa ajili ya kuwa na afya nzuri ya moyo.
Kunywa kinywaji chenye asali yenye mdalasini mara kwa mara kunaweza kusaidia kuepuka ugonjwa wa moyo kwa kuzuia kuzibika kwa ateri.
3. Inatibu maambukizi kwenye kibofu cha mkojo
Asali yenye mdalasini ni dawa bora sana kwa kutibu maambukizi kwenye kibofu cha mkojo na bacteria wowote wanaoweza kushambulia kibofu cha mkojo. Mchanganyiko huu unasafisha kibofu na kukiacha safi hivyo kukupa mazingira ya kutokuumwa lolote katika kibofu chako cha mkojo.
4.Huua bakteria
Asali ina sifa ya kudhibiti bakteria. Nadharia hii inathibitishwa na tafiti nyingi kadhaa. Asali hupigana dhidi ya maambukizi ya ndani nay a nje.  Mdalasini pia una sifa ya kuondoa vivimbe pia huondoa sumu mwilini.  Vinapoungana vitu hivi viwili vya asili vinatengeneza muungano mmoja mhimu wa dawa dhidi ya maambukizi ya nje.
5. Huongeza akili
Watu wengi wanaripoti kuwa asali yenye mdalasini inawaongezea uwezo wao wa kukumbuka vitu. Asali yenye mdalasini hongeza uwezo wa ubungo kufanya kazi na kuongeza uwezo wa kumbukumbu.
6. Inatibu meno yanayotoboka
Hii kidogo inashangaza. Watafiti katika jiji la New York nchini Marekani wanasema asali inaweza kusababisha meno kutoboka. Hata hivyo wanasayansi wengine nchini New Zealand wanasema asali inaweza kuwa msaada katika kuzuia meno kutoboka kutokana na sifa yake ya kuua bacteria mbalimbali.
Namna rahisi ni kutumia mchanganyika wa asali yenye mdalasini kama dawa yako ya meno utumie kusafisha meno yako ili kuepuka meno kutoboka na kuoza pia.
7. Husaidia mfumo wa mmeng’enyo wa chakula
Husafisha utumbo mpana kwa kuondoa sumu na taka nyingine. Husaidia uzalishwaji wa bacteria wazuri kwenye utumbo mpana na kama matokeo yake huusadia mfumo wa mmeng’enyo wa chakula.
8. Huondoa gesi tumboni
Asali yenye mdalasini husaidia kulinda tumbo kwa kufunika kuta za tumbo. Kwa kusafisha mfumo wa bakteria wabaya huwa imesaidia kutibu maambukizi yoyote na hivyo kusaidia kutibu tatizo la tumbo kujaa gesi na asidi.
9. Husaidia kupunguza uzito
Kuna shuhuda nyingi zisizotiliwa shaka juu ya ufanisi wa asali yenye mdalasini katika kupunguza uzito. Asali na mdalasini vinapotumika pamoja, mchanganyiko huo huchoma mafuta kwa haraka sana.
Wakati huo huo mchanganyiko huu hushusha njaa na hivyo kumfanya mtu kujisikia ameshiba muda mrefu.
Angalizo hata hivyo, asali ni tamu na ina nguvu (kalori), hivyo ili kupunguza uzito unashauriwa usitumie zaidi ya vijiko vikubwa vitatu vya mchanganyiko huu ndani ya glasi moja ya maji ya uvuguvugu kwa siku, Ukizidisha tu unaweza kuongezeka uzito tena.
10. Hutibu Fizi kutoa damu
Watafiti nchini New Zealand wamegundua kuwa asali mbichi ikichanganywa na mdalasini inaleta ufanisi mkubwa dhidi ya fizi kutokwa damu, kuuma fizi, ganzi kwenye meno na maambukizi mengine katika fizi.
Unaweza kupakaa kwenye mswaki na utumie kama dawa yako ya kusafisha meno ili kupata faida hii.
11. Hutibu kansa
Ingawa bado haijathibitishwa kisayansi ni jinsi gani asali yenye mdalasini inatibu kansa lakini uwezo wake wa kuondoa sumu na vimelea vingine vya magonjwa (free radicals) kunaifanya kuwa na sifa hiyo ya kutibu kansa.
Baadhi ya watu wameripoti kupona kansa ya titi na kansa ya utumbo mpanakwa kutumia asali yenye mdalasini.
12. Inaongeza nguvu ya mwili
Asali ina madini na vitamini nyingi ndani yake, wakati mdalasini wenyewe una kalsium, chuma, vitamini C, vitamini K, manganizi na nyuzinyuzi (fiber).
Vinapoungana vitu hivi viwili hufanya dawa moja mhimu sana ya kuongeza kinga ya mwili. Kunywa chai yenye asali na mdalasini mara kwa mara kunaongeza kinga ya mwili, nguvu ya mwili na nguvu ya ubongo kwa pamoja.
13. Hutibu chunusi
Kupakaa asali yenye mdalasini kwenye ngozi yako yenye chunusi kutaondoa chunusi hizo bila kuchelewa. Asali hudhibiti bacteria na mdalasini hudhibiti maambukizi na huondoa sumu.
Mchanganganyiko huu husaidia asali kubaki juu ya ngozi kwa muda mrefu na hivyo kufanya uponyaji unaohitajika.
14. Hutibu kikohozi
Kuinywa asali yenye mdalasini ndani ya glasi ya maji ya uvuguvugu hupunguzu vyote kikohozi na kikohozi kikavu. Husafisha msongamano kohoni na kutibu kikohozi cha kawaida na hata kile kikavu.
15. Huzuia madhara ya kung’atwa na wadudu
Ni nzuri kwa ajili ya uvimbe au kuondoa maumivu yatokanayo na kuumwa na wadudu. Chukua kijiko kidogo kimoja cha asali na uchanganye ndani ya vijiko vijigo viwili vya maji ongeza na mdalasini ya unga nusu kijiko cha chain a upake juu ya sehemu ulipong’atwa na mdudu.
Maumivu hayo yataondoka mara moja.
16. Husaidia kuotesha nywele
Changanya kijiko kidogo kimoja cha asali ndani ujazo sawa wa mafuta ya zeituni na uongeza kijiko kidogo cha chai tena cha mdalasini ya unga kwenye huo mchanganyiko.
Pakaa mchanganyiko huo kichwani sehemu ambako nywele zimeanza kupotea na uache kwa dakika 15 kisha jisafishe na maji ya uvuguvugu na shampoo ya asili.
17. Hutibu lehemu (Cholesterol)
Matumizi ya mara kwa mara ya asali yenye mdalasini husaidia kupunguza lehemu. Pia husaidia kushusha shinikizo la juu la damu na kusafisha ateri zinazoziba.
Pia kubadili matumizi ya mafuta mengine na kuamua kutumia mafuta ya zeituni kutarahisisha kuweka sawa kolesto yako kirahisi zaidi.
18. Hutibu maumivu ya jino
Changanya kijiko kidogo kimoja cha chai cha mdalasini ya unga na vijiko vikubwa viwili vya asali mbichi na upake kidogo kidogo juu ya jino linalouma mara kadhaa kwa siku mpaka maumivu yatakapopotea.
19. Harufu mbaya mdomoni
Changanya kijiko kikubwa kimoja cha asali na kiasi kingine sawa cha mdalasini ya unga ndani ya maji glasi moja ya uvuguvugu na unywe mara tu ukiamka asubuhi. Hii itakutibu tatizo la harufu mbaya mdomoni na utapumua vizuri bila shida yoyote.
20. Hutibu uanithi na kukosa hamu ya tendo la ndoa
Jaribu na uone tofauti! Changanya vijiko vikubwa vitatu vya asali yenye mdalasini ndani ya glasi moja ya maji ya uvuguvugu na uache mchanganyiko huo kwa dakika 15 hivi.
Kunywa nusu glasi asubuhi kabla ya chakula cha asubuhi na nusu nyingine kabla ya kwenda kulala kwa siku kadhaa hata wiki kadhaa.
21. Huongeza kinga ya mwili
Ongeza kinga yako ya mwili na magonjwa hayatakugusa. Vyote asali na mdalasini hupigana dhidi ya bakteria na virusi na hivyo kufanya dawa nzuri ya kupigana na kuua bakteria wabaya na virusi.
Asali pia ina madini na vitamini mhimu nyingi hivyo kuupa mwili viinilishe mhimu unaovihitaji.
22. Hutibu mafua
Tumia mchanganyiko wa kijiko 1 cha chakula cha asali yenye mdalasini ndani ya glasi moja ya maji ya uvuguvgugu kutwa mara moja kila siku kuondoa chafya na kuvimba koo.
23. Hutibu Ugumba
Asali inaaminika kuamsha hamu ya mapenzi. Wapenzi wa jinsia zote wanashauriwa kunywa walau vijiko 2 vya chakula kila siku kabla ya kwenda kulala kila siku.
Mdalasini umetumika miaka mingi katika dawa za kichina na kihindi kuongeza uwezo wa uzazi kwa akina mama wenye kuhitaji kuzaa.
24. Faida nyingine lukuki
Kumbuka asali ni dawa karibu kwa kila ugonjwa na watu wamekuwa wakiitumia kutibu magonjwa mengine mengi bila idadi ikiwemo matatizo ya kisukari, kukakamaa kwa miguu na mikono, udhaifu wa jumla wa mwili, kuongeza kumbukumbu, vidonda vya tumbo, kutibu majeraha nk.
Hizi ndizo kazi 24 za asali yenye mdalasini ambazo ulikuwa huzijui bado.

BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS ACTIONS

Bacteria has the ability to produce protein that help them resist antimicrobial drug actions.

 .Some bacteria produce beta-lactamase enzymes that inactivate penicillin and cephalosporins.

 .Some bacteria produce proteins that prevent drugs from penetrating the bacterial membrane or proteins through the bacterial membrane.

 .When bacterial resistance occurs other drugs must be used to treat the infection.

  What is antibiotic resistance?
 Is a type of drug resistance where a microorganism is able to survival exposure to an antibiotic. The primary cause of antibiotic resistance is Genetic mutation in bacteria. If a bacterium carries several resistance genes, it is called MULTIRESISTANT, informally a super burg or super bacterium.

  MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS. 
 The five main mechanisms by which microorganisms exhibit resistance to antimicrobial drugs are:

 1.Drug inactivating enzymes or modification.
.Some organisms produce enzymes that chemically modify drugs forexample, enzymatic deactivation of Penicillin G in some penicillin-resistant bacteria through the production of beta lactamases.

 2.Target mimicry.
.This involves the production of protein that bind sequester drugs, preventing the drugs from binding to their target, example Mycobacterium Tuberculosis produces a protein with regular pectapeptide repeated that appear to mimic the structure of DNA, this protein binds fluoroquinolones sequestering them and keeping them from binding to DNA, providing M.tuberculosis resistance to Fluoroquinolones.

 3.Alternation of target molecule(site). .Minor structural changes in antibiotic target can prevent binding. .Changes in ribosomal RNA prevent macrolide from binding to ribosomal subunits.

 4.Alternation of metabolic pathway. .Forexample, some sulfonamide-resistant bacteria do not require para aminobenzoic acid (PABA), an important precursor for the synthesis of folic acid and nucleic acids in bacteria inhibited by sulfonamides. Instead, like mammalian cells, they turn to utilizing preformed folic acid.

 5.Reduced drug accumulation.
 .By decreasing drug permeability or increasing active efflux (pumping out) of the drugs across the cell surface.

 .Decreased uptake of the drug,leads into alteration in porin proteins, decrease permeability of cells also prevents certain drugs from entering.

 .Increased elimination of the drug lead into increases overall capacity of organism to eliminate drug, enables organism to resist higher concentration of drugs and Tetracycline resistance.

HOW ALBENDAZOLE FUCTIONS


  
Albendazole, a broad-spectrum oral antihelminthic, is the drug of
choice and is approved in the USA for treatment of hydatid disease
and cysticercosis.

 It is also used in the treatment of pinworm and
hookworm infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and strongyloidiasis.

 Basic Pharmacology

 Albendazole is a benzimidazole carbamate. After oral administra-
tion, it is erratically absorbed (increased with a fatty meal) and
then rapidly undergoes first-pass metabolism in the liver to the
active metabolite albendazole sulfoxide.

It reaches variable maxi-
mum plasma concentrations about 3 hours after a 400-mg oral
dose, and its plasma half-life is 8–12 hours.

 The sulfoxide is
mostly protein-bound, distributes well to tissues, and enters bile,
cerebrospinal fluid, and hydatid cysts. Albendazole metabolites are
excreted in the urine.

 Benzimidazoles are thought to act against nematodes by
inhibiting microtubule synthesis. Albendazole also has larvicidal
effects in hydatid disease, cysticercosis, ascariasis, and hookworm
infection and ovicidal effects in ascariasis and ancylostomiasis.

HOT CRL COMMISSION REPORT TO ECG CHURCH RELEASED

Prophet Shepherd bushiri confirmed that ... The CRL Commission has just released the findings of their Section 7 Investigation into w...